ʻO ka Tibetan Plateau, i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo "Roof of the World," ma mua o kona inoa hanohano. He ʻāina i kālai ʻia e nā ʻano kiʻekiʻe loa, kahi e ʻoi aku ai nā pae mauna piʻi i ka lani a me nā pāpū ākea a maloʻo i ka ʻaoʻao. Hoʻoulu kēia ʻano ʻāpana ʻāina kūʻokoʻa a me ke ʻano ʻino i kahi kaiaola kaiaola like ʻole e piha ana me nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona kupanaha. Hōʻike kēia alakaʻi ʻo Tibet Wildlife i nā mea kupanaha o kēia ʻāina kupaianaha, e ʻimi ana i ke koena maikaʻi o ka kaiaola Tibet, nā pilikia e kū nei i kāna mau holoholona Tibet, a me nā hoʻoikaika mau no ka mālama holoholona hihiu ma Tibet.
A Crucible of Nature: Forging the Tibetan Ecosystem
ʻO ko Tibetan Plateau kahi kūlana kūikawā a me ka hoʻonaninani honua e hoʻoikaika nui i nā pua a me nā holoholona Tibet e ulu nei ma laila. Eia ka nānā pono ʻana i nā ʻano nui e pili ana i kēia kaiaola kūʻokoʻa:
- Kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe: I ka awelika ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o Tibet ʻo 4,500 mika (14,764 kapuaʻi), me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa a me ka lewa lahilahi. Ke koho nei kēia ʻano paʻakikī i nā ʻano mea kūpaʻa i hoʻololi ʻia e ola i ke anuanu a me nā pae oxygen haʻahaʻa.
- Nā ʻāina like ʻole: He ʻokoʻa nā hiʻohiʻona o Tibet, mai nā kiʻekiʻe i uhi ʻia i ka hau o ka Himalayas a hiki i nā pāpū maloʻo o Changtang a me nā awāwa uliuli o ka muliwai ʻo Yarlung Tsangpo. Ma muli o kēia hoʻololi ʻana, hiki i nā ʻano mea kanu a me nā holoholona ke loaʻa i ka nui o nā kaiapuni.
- Ka Hoʻoikaika Monsoon: Hāʻawi ka monsoon i ke kauwela i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka ua. ʻOiai ʻo ka hapa nui o Tibet e noho maloʻo, ʻike nā ʻāpana hikina i kahi manawa pōkole o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ua, e ʻae ana i ka ulu ʻana o nā kaiāulu ulu.
He Tapestry of Habitats: E ʻimi ana i ka ʻokoʻa o ka holoholona hihiu Tibet
Ke hoʻomau nei ka Tibet Wildlife Guide i kāna mākaʻikaʻi ʻana ma o ka ʻimi ʻana i nā wahi noho like ʻole o ka Tibetan Plateau. ʻO kēlā me kēia wahi noho, i hana ʻia e kahi hui kūʻokoʻa o ke kiʻekiʻe, ka ua, a me ka mahana, hoʻoulu i kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa o nā pua a me nā holoholona Tibet.
1. Ka Alpine Tundra: He Aupuni Anu a me ke Kiekie
- Ke kiʻekiʻe: Ma luna o 4,500 mika (14,764 ft)
- ano: Noho ʻia ka ʻāina e nā ʻāina pā, pōhaku me ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu, ka makani ikaika, a me nā mahana hau.
- Flora: ʻO ke ola o nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi, ka nui o nā mosses, nā lichens, a me nā mea kanu haʻahaʻa i hoʻololi ʻia i nā kūlana paʻakikī.
- ? aaoa: He pūʻulu koho o nā holoholona koʻikoʻi e noho ana i kēia ʻāina kala ʻole. ʻO nā laʻana, ʻo ia ka leopadi hau nani, kahi ʻano ʻino ma Tibet, ka hoki hihiu Tibetan (Kiang), a me ka marmot Himalayan hiki ke hoʻololi.
2. Ka Mauu Nui: Home to Grazing Herds
- Ke kiʻekiʻe: 3,500 a 4,500 mika (11,483 a 14,764 kapuaʻi)
- ano: ʻO nā ʻāina mauʻu ʻōwili ke ʻano o ka ʻāina, me kekahi mau kumu lāʻau ma nā kiʻekiʻe haʻahaʻa.
- Flora: Noho ʻia e nā mauʻu like ʻole a me nā pua ʻāhiu e ulu ana i nā mahina kauwela pōkole.
- ? aaoa: ʻO nā herbivores hānai nui e like me ka Tibetan antelope, ka yak hihiu, a me ka gazelle Tibetan e ulu nei i kēia mau ʻāina. ʻO nā mea ʻaihue e like me ka ʻīlio hae Tibet a me ka ʻaeto gula e hopu iā lākou.
3. ʻO nā awāwa o ka muliwai hoʻohiwahiwa: He Puʻuhonua o ke ola
- Ke kiʻekiʻe: ʻOkoʻa, haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā wahi a puni.
- ano: Loaʻa i nā awāwa malu me ka lepo momona ka ua ma mua o ka pāpū a puni.
- Flora: Kākoʻo i nā ʻano mea kanu like ʻole, me nā kumu lāʻau, nā pua ʻāhiu, a me kekahi mau lāʻau ma nā wahi kikoʻī.
- ? aaoa: Hāʻawi ka ʻāina i kahi noho no nā ʻano ʻano ākea ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai a me nā mea kanu like ʻole. ʻO nā laʻana e like me nā manu e like me ka Tibetan magpie a me ka ibisbill, nā mammals liʻiliʻi e like me ka pika a me ka vole, a me nā mea ʻaihue nui e like me ka ʻalopeke ʻulaʻula.
4. ʻO nā ʻanuʻu maloʻo: He ʻāina kiʻekiʻe loa
- Ke kiʻekiʻe: Ma lalo o 3,500 mika (11,483 ft)
- ano: ʻO nā pāpū maloʻo like me ka wao nahele me nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi. Ma muli o nā loli wela loa.
- Flora: Ua kaupalena ʻia i nā mea kanu pale maloʻo e like me nā kumu lāʻau a me nā succulents.
- ? aaoa: Hoʻololi ʻia nā holoholona i nā kūlana maloʻo, e like me ka ʻalopeke one Tibet, ka hoki hihiu Tibet, a me nā mea kolo like ʻole e like me nā moʻo a me nā nahesa.
Hoʻolauleʻa o ka Adaptation i ka Tibet Wildlife
Ke hoʻomālamalama nei ka Tibet Wildlife Guide i ka pua nani o Tibet i hoʻololi ʻia e ulu i kēia ʻano paʻakikī. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ke hōʻike nei i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo paʻakikī no nā mea kanu, me ka ea lahilahi, nā mahana hauʻoli, a me ka ikaika o ka lā. Eia nō naʻe, ke haʻaheo nei ʻo Tibet i ka ʻokoʻa like ʻole o ke ola mea kanu, e hōʻike ana kēlā me kēia ʻano i nā hoʻololi kūʻokoʻa no ke ola ʻana.
1. Ka Resilient Tibetan Rhodiola (Golden Root):
ʻO kēia mea kanu pua kiʻekiʻe, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ke aʻa gula, e hōʻike ana i ke kūpaʻa kupaianaha o ka pua o Tibet. E ulu ana ia ma nā kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 5,000 mika (16,404 ft) a loaʻa iā ia nā waiwai adaptogenic ikaika, e kōkua ana i nā meaola e hoʻokō i ke kaumaha. Hoʻohana ka lāʻau lapaʻau Tibetan kuʻuna i ke kumu gula no kāna mau pono i manaʻo ʻia i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ikehu a me ka ikaika.
2. Nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe: Ke kaua ʻana i nā Elements
ʻO nā kumu lāʻau e like me ka juniper dwarf a me nā ʻano Caragana he mea maʻamau i ka ʻāina Tibet. ʻO ko lākou ulu ʻana e hiki ai iā lākou ke mālama i ka wela a kū i ka makani ikaika. Eia hou, hoʻopaʻa paʻa nā ʻōnaehana aʻa iā lākou i ka lepo lahilahi, e pale ana iā lākou mai ka uhuki ʻia.
3. Nā Laʻau Laʻau Makamae: He Hoʻoilina o ka Ho'ōla
ʻO ka Tibetan Plateau kahi waihona waiwai o nā mea kanu lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no nā kenekulia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau Tibetan kuʻuna. Aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona kaulana:
- ʻEnuhe Pākē: ʻO kēia haʻuki waiwai nui, i manaʻoʻia he mau waiwai hoʻoikaika kino, e ulu ana ma nā kula kiʻekiʻe.
- Tibetan rhubarb: Hoʻohana ka poʻe i nā aʻa o kēia mea kanu paʻakikī no kā lākou pono ʻai.
- Fritillaria: Hoʻohana ka lāʻau kuʻuna i nā ʻōpuʻu o kēia mea kanu pua e mālama i nā pilikia hanu.
Wehewehe i ka Fauna: Nā Ikona o ka Tibetan Wildlife Guide
Ke ʻimi nei ʻo Tibet Wildlife Guide i ke aupuni hoʻohiwahiwa o nā ʻano holoholona Tibet. ʻO kēia wahi kūʻokoʻa he puʻuhonua no nā ʻano holoholona hihiu like ʻole, pono kēlā me kēia ʻano i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaulike palupalu o ka ecology ma Tibet. Ma ʻaneʻi, ʻike mākou i kekahi o nā holoholona kaulana loa:
1. ʻO ka Tibetan Antelope (Chiru): He hōʻailona o ka lokomaikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa
kaianoho koholā: Nā mauu a me nā pāpū kiʻekiʻe
Nā hana: Ua ʻike ʻia kēia mau holoholona no kā lākou neʻe ʻana, e hele ana i kahi lōʻihi no ka hānai ʻana.
hana nui loa ia: ʻO ka Tibet antelope, he ʻano pōʻino i Tibet, ke alo nei i nā hoʻoweliweli mai ka nalowale ʻana o ka noho ʻana ma muli o ka ʻai nui ʻana o nā holoholona a me ka ʻimi ʻana i kona mau pepeiaohao. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniau, ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i nā ʻano neʻe a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai, he pilikia nui.
2. The Elusive Snow Leopard: King of the High Himalayas
kaianoho koholā: Nā pali mauna pōhaku a me nā kula alpine
Nā hana: ʻO nā mea ʻaihue kaʻawale me ka camouflage kūʻokoʻa, i hoʻopili pono ʻia i ko lākou ʻano ʻino.
hana nui loa ia: ʻO nā leopard hau kekahi ʻano ʻano make ma Tibet. ʻO nā mea hoʻoweliweli i ko lākou ola ʻana, ʻo ia ka hoʻokūkū me nā ʻīlio hae no ka pio a me ka nalowale o ka noho ʻana mai ka ʻai ʻana i nā ʻāpana kino a me ka hulu.
3. ʻO ka Wild Yak: He hōʻailona o ka ikaika a me ka hoʻomanawanui
kaianoho koholā: Nā mauu kiʻekiʻe a me nā pali pōhaku
Nā hana: Noho kēia mau herbivores nui i nā holoholona, e ʻai ana i nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia lākou i ke anu me ka hulu mānoanoa a me ka hoʻomanawanui anu.
hana nui loa ia: ʻOiai ʻaʻole pilikia i kēia manawa, ke kū nei ka poʻe yak hihiu i nā hoʻoweliweli mai ka hoʻokūkū me nā yaks home no ka ʻāina ʻai a me ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā maʻi.
4. ʻO ka hoki ʻāhiu ʻo Tibetan (Kiang): He Haku o ka pāpū maloʻo
kaianoho koholā: Nā steppes maloʻo a me nā mauʻu
Nā hana: Noho kēia mau holoholona nui i loko o nā holoholona nui a makaʻala i nā mea ʻaihue.
hana nui loa ia: ʻO ka nalo ʻana o ka noho ʻana ma muli o ka ʻai nui ʻana e nā holoholona a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana he mea hoʻoweliweli koʻikoʻi i ka hoki hihiu Tibet.
ʻO ka hakakā no ke ola ʻana: ka pale ʻana i nā ʻano mea ʻino i loko o ka Tibet Wildlife
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻo ka pōʻino o kekahi mau ʻano mea make ma Tibet e hōʻino i ka nani kupaianaha o ka Tibetan Plateau. ʻO ka lilo ʻana o ka noho ʻana, ka ʻai ʻana, a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniau e hoʻoweliweli loa i ke koena o ka kaiaola Tibet. Hōʻike kēia ʻāpana o ka Tibet Wildlife Guide i nā pilikia e kū nei kēia mau holoholona palupalu a me nā hoʻoikaika mau no ka mālama holoholona hihiu ma Tibet.
ʻO nā kiʻi ʻino o Tibet:
- Tibetan Antelope (Chiru): ʻO nā kiwi nani o ka Chiru i hoʻoulu i ka hahai holoholona, e hoʻokuke iā lākou i ka pōʻino.
- Leopards hau: Ke kū nei kēia poʻe ʻaihue malū i nā hoʻoweliweli mai ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka nohona i lawe ʻia mai e ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ke kanaka a me ka ʻai ʻana no ko lākou kino a me ka hulu.
- Hoki hihiu ʻĀsia (Kiang): ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka noho ʻana ma muli o ka ʻai nui ʻana e nā holoholona a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻoihana e hoʻoweliweli i ke ola o ke Kiang.
He Beacon of Hope: Conservation Initiatives in Action
Aia nā kumu o ka manaʻolana ʻoiai nā pilikia. Eia kekahi mau hana koʻikoʻi no ka mālama ʻana i nā holoholona hihiu ma Tibet:
- Nature Reserves: ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā mālama kūlohelohe nui, e like me ka Changtang Nature Reserve, e hāʻawi i nā wahi palekana koʻikoʻi no nā ʻano ʻano make.
- Nā mākaʻikaʻi kūʻē i ka poaching: ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻana e ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi paka a me nā hana hoʻokō kānāwai ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī e pale i nā poachers a me nā hana hewa ʻole.
- Hoʻohui kaiāulu: Ma ke komo ʻana i nā hana mālama mālama, hoʻolaha nā kaiāulu kūloko i ka manaʻo o ke kuleana a me ke kuleana no ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano mea.
- Nā hana hoʻomau: ʻO ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā hana ʻai hoʻomau no nā holoholona e kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hoʻokūkū me nā herbivores hihiu no nā kumu meaʻai.
ʻO ke alanui i mua: ka mākaʻikaʻi kuleana a me ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka mālama
Hiki i nā mākaʻikaʻi kuleana ke pāʻani i ke kuleana koʻikoʻi i ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka mālama holoholona hihiu ma Tibet. He mea koʻikoʻi ke koho ʻana i nā mea hoʻokele huakaʻi kaulana i kūpaʻa i nā hana hoʻomau a hoʻemi i ka hopena o ke kaiapuni. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā hui hoʻomalu e hana luhi nei e pale i nā mea ulu a me nā holoholona kupanaha o Tibet e hāʻawi pololei i kahi wā e hiki mai ana no kēia kaiaola hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia.
E nana ana i na holoholona hihiu o Tibet i ko lakou noho ana
ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i nā holoholona hihiu o Tibet i kona ʻāina maoli he manawa manawa hoʻokahi i ke ola. Ua piha kēia alakaʻi ʻo Tibet Wildlife me nā ʻōlelo aʻo kūpono no ka nānā ʻana i nā holoholona hihiu.
ʻO ka manawa mua no ka nānā ʻana i nā holoholona hihiu:
- Puna (ʻApelila-Mei): Kūlike kēia kau me ke kau manu, e hāʻawi ana i nā manawa kūpono e ʻike ai i nā manu lele e like me ka ʻāʻī ʻeleʻele a me ka lark Tibet.
- Kau wela (Iune-ʻAukake): Hoʻowalewale ka mahana wela i ka nui o nā mammals mai ka peʻe. E ʻimi i nā gazelles Tibetan, nā hipa argali, a me nā leopards hau paʻakikī i kēia manawa.
ʻO nā wahi kiʻekiʻe no ka nānā ʻana i nā holoholona hihiu:
- ʻO Changtang Nature Reserve: ʻO kēia ʻāina nui he puʻuhonua no nā holoholona hihiu kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi nā antelope Tibetan, nā kiangs (nā hoki hihiu), a me nā alopeke Tibet.
- Lake Namtso: Hoʻokipa kēia loko turquoise kupanaha i nā manu manu like ʻole, me nā ʻeke, geese, a me nā gull. E ʻimi pū i nā ʻohana ʻāhiu o Tibetan yaks.
- ʻO Jigme Dorji National Park: Hāʻawi kēia pāka i kahi ʻāpana waiwai o nā kaiaola, e lilo ia i wahi nui e ʻike ai i nā holoholona e like me nā pandas ʻulaʻula, takins, a me ka tiger Bengal i make.
Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka nānā ʻana i nā holoholona hihiu:
- Ka mamao mahalo: E mālama i kahi mamao mai nā holoholona hihiu e pale aku ai iā lākou. E hoʻohana i nā lens telephoto a i ʻole ka binoculars no ka ʻike kokoke loa.
- E hoemi i ka walaau: Hiki i nā leo nui ke hoʻopūhoihoi i nā holoholona. E ʻōlelo mālie a pale i ka neʻe koke.
- Noho ma nā ala i koho ʻia: E hoʻopili i nā ala i koho ʻia e hōʻemi i ka hoʻohaunaele ʻana i ka noho ʻana a mālama i ke ola mea kanu palupalu.
- Waiho ʻAʻohe Meheu: E ʻohi i nā ʻōpala a pau a pale i ka waiho ʻana i nā ʻōpala meaʻai. Hiki i nā ʻōpala meaʻai ke huki i nā mea ʻaihue makemake ʻole a hoʻopau i ke kaulahao meaʻai maoli.
ʻO ke kuleana koʻikoʻi o nā kaiāulu kūloko i ka mālama
Ke hilinaʻi nui nei ke koena o ka kaiaola Tibet i ka ʻike a me nā hana o nā kaiāulu ʻōiwi. Hōʻike kēia alakaʻi ʻo Tibet Wildlife i ke kuleana koʻikoʻi o nā kaiāulu kūloko i nā hana ʻo Wildlife Conservation Tibet.
ʻIke a me nā hana ʻōiwi:
Ma muli o ko lākou moʻolelo lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana me nā holoholona hihiu, ua ʻike hohonu nā ʻohana Tibetan i ka ʻano holoholona a me nā koi o ke kaiapuni. He mea waiwai kēia ʻike kuʻuna i nā hana mālama.
- Nā hana ʻai ʻai hoʻomau: Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka nui o nā kaiāulu i ka ʻai ʻana, e ʻae ana i ka hoʻolaʻa ʻana o nā pā holoholona. Kōkua kēia ala i ka pale ʻana i ka ʻai nui, hiki ke hōʻino i ke ola mea kanu a hoʻopau i ke kaulahao meaʻai no nā holoholona hihiu.
- Mahalo no Wildlife: Hoʻoikaika pinepine nā manaʻo kuʻuna i ka mahalo i ke ʻano a me nā holoholona hihiu. Hoʻoulu kēia ʻano i ka manaʻo o ka mālama ʻana ma waena o nā kaiāulu kūloko.
Nā Manaʻo Hoʻolaʻa Alakaʻi Kaiāulu:
Nui nā kaiāulu kūloko e pale ikaika i nā holoholona hihiu o Tibet ma o nā papahana hou.
- Nā Mākaʻikaʻi Anti-Poaching Community: Kōkua kēia mau mākaʻikaʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka poʻe ʻaihue a pale i nā ʻano mea ʻino.
- Nā Hoʻolālā Ecotourism: Hāʻawi nā ʻoihana ecotourism e alakaʻi ʻia e ke kaiāulu i nā pono waiwai i ka wā e hāpai ana i nā hana mākaʻikaʻi kūpono a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana.
Kākoʻo ʻana i nā hana mālama:
Hiki i ka poʻe huakaʻi ke kākoʻo i nā hana hoʻōla ma Tibet ma:
- Ke koho ʻana i nā mea hoʻokele huakaʻi kuleana: E ʻimi i nā hui e hui pū ana me nā kaiāulu kūloko a hoʻokumu i nā hana nānā holoholona hihiu kuleana.
- Kākoʻo ʻana i nā papahana Ecotourism-Run Community: ʻO ke komo ʻana i ia mau hana e kōkua pololei i nā hana hoʻōla a kākoʻo i ka nohona kūloko.
- Ke hoʻolaha nei i ka ʻike: Kaʻana like i kou ʻike e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i nā holoholona hihiu kū hoʻokahi o Tibet me nā hoaaloha a me ka ʻohana.
Ka Manaʻo Manaʻo: He Pūnaehana ʻAhaʻi Pono Pono ke Pale ʻia
ʻO nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona ʻo Tibet he mau hiʻohiʻona hoihoi a me nā mea koʻikoʻi o kahi kaiaola Tibet. Mālama ke ola mea kanu kū hoʻokahi i nā herbivores, ʻoiai he mea koʻikoʻi nā mea ʻaihue i ka mālama ʻana i ke koena olakino. Mālama kēia pūnaewele paʻakikī o ke ola i ke olakino o ka kaiaola holoʻokoʻa, e hoʻoikaika ana i nā mea āpau mai ka maikaʻi o ka ea a me ka wai a hiki i ka momona o ka lepo.
ʻO ka mea kaumaha, ke kū nei kekahi mau holoholona Tibet i ka hoʻoweliweli ma muli o ka nalowale o ka noho ʻana, ka ʻai ʻana, a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniau. ʻO nā ʻano ʻano pōʻino ma Tibet ka leopadi hau nani a me ka antelope Tibetan weliweli. ʻOi aku ka koʻikoʻi o ka pono o ka mālama holoholona hihiu ma Tibet ma mua o ka wā.
Ke kipa ʻana me ke ʻano Conservation-minded Approach
ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi, hiki i ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi kuleana ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kupanaha holoholona hihiu o Tibet. Ma muli o ka ʻōlelo aʻo i loko o kēia Tibet Wildlife Guide e hōʻoia i ka hopena maikaʻi o kāu kipa.
E koho i nā mea hoʻokele kaʻahele kuleana: E koho i nā hui i kūpaʻa i nā hana nānā holoholona hihiu kuleana a me ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā kaiāulu kūloko.
E hoemi i kou hopena: E mālama i ke kaiapuni ma ka pili ʻana i nā ala i koho ʻia, ka pale ʻana i ka lepo, a me ka mālama ʻana i kahi mamao mai nā holoholona hihiu.
Kākoʻo i nā hana mālama: E noʻonoʻo e hāʻawi i nā hui mālama a i ʻole ke komo ʻana i nā papahana ecotourism e alakaʻi ʻia e ke kaiāulu.
