Kathmandu Durbar Square ngundoqo wesixeko saseKathmandu, esineevenkile ezininzi zokusebenza kunye neendawo zokutyela. I-Kathmandu Durbar, isikwere-esona sikhulu phakathi kwezinye izikwere zaseDurbar (Patan kunye neBhaktapur), sisikhumbuzo senkcubeko kunye nembali apho iitempile ezininzi zamandulo zikhoyo, ezizodwa kwizakhiwo zazo.
Kwi-1979, kunye noPatan kunye Izikwere zeBhaktapur Durbar, Kathmandu Durbar Square yabhaliswa njengeNdawo yeLifa leMveli yeHlabathi ngu UNESCO. Lo mqondiso uyilo wakhiwa malunga nenkulungwane yesi-3 BC ngooKumkani baseLicchavi. Babandakanya amagcisa namagcisa aseNewar ukuze kwakhiwe uninzi lwamatye ezikhumbuzo kwisikwere. IDurbar Square ineetempile ezimalunga nama-50 kunye nezikhumbuzo zeemilo ezahlukeneyo, ubukhulu, izimbo, kunye neenkolo.
Ubomi bemihla ngemihla eKathmandu Durbar Square buyaguquguquka; abantu abaninzi balapha badlula kwisikwere kwaye baqhube kwii-mopeds. Kuhlala kukho into entsha onokuthi uyibone, ufunde, kwaye uyibhaqe kuzo zonke iikona.
Imbali yeKathmandu Durbar Square
Ubukhosi baseLicchavi babeka isiseko sokwakha Kathmandu Durbar Square malunga nenkulungwane yesi-3. Kamva, i-Malla Dynasty kunye ne-Shah Dynasty yaqhubeka nokwandiswa kunye nobuhle besikwere. Ngexesha lolawulo lukaKumkani uRatna Malla, kwakhiwa amabhotwe amaninzi asebukhosini. Nangona kunjalo, iDurbar Square yafumana impumelelo yayo phantsi kukaPrithvi Narayan Shah, owoyisa intlambo yaseKathmandu ngo-1769 kwaye waba neepagodas kunye neebhotwe ezininzi ezakhiwe eDurbar Square.
Isikwere yayiyeyona ndawo iphambili kwintsapho yasebukhosini yaseNepal ngelo xesha. Ukuthweswa isithsaba koyena kumkani uthandwayo womnombo kaShah, uBir Bikram Shah, kwenzeka Kathmandu Durbar Square ngowe-1975. Isikwere kwakhona sabona ukuthweswa isithsaba kowayesakuba ngukumkani womnombo kaShah, Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah.
Kutheni iKathmandu Durbar Square?
I-Kathmandu Durbar Square yenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo Kathmandu ngenxa yendawo ephakathi kwidolophu endala. Ngenxa yezakhiwo ezininzi ezifanele ukubonwa kunye nembali yazo, utyelelo olukhatshwa ngumkhokeli wabakhenkethi luyacetyiswa kakhulu. Ngale ndlela, unokuphonononga ezona zakhiwo zinomdla kwaye ufunde ngakumbi malunga nokudalwa kwesikwere kunye nokubaluleka kwenkcubeko kubantu basekuhlaleni.
Iziseko ezingundoqo zeKathmandu Durbar Square
Indawo yaseKathmandu Durbar Square iqulathe iindawo ezintathu ezinxulumeneyo. Emazantsi kunjalo Basantapur Isikwere, kanye isitali sendlovu yasebukhosini. Indawo ephambili yeKathmandu Durbar Square ime ngasentshona. Kwelinye icala, indawo yesibini yeDurbar Square ilele kumntla-mpuma, apho uya kufumana indawo yokungena. Hanuman Dhoka kunye nezinye iitempile. Ukusuka kule ndawo ivulekileyo inabela kumntla-mpuma iMakhan Tole, eyake yaba yeyona ndlela iphambili yesixeko kwaye isesona sitrato sinomdla eKathmandu.
Umrhumo wokungena eKathmandu Durbar Square
Ifumaneka nje ngeekhilomitha ezi-1 ukusuka eThamel- indawo yabakhenkethi yaseKathmandu, iKathmandu Durbar Square intlawulo yokungena yi-NPR 1000 ngomntu ngamnye kubantu bangaphandle kunye ne-150 ye-NPR yabantu be-SAARC. Indawo yetikiti e-Basantapur iqokelela imali yokungena, esetyenziselwa ukubuyisela nokugcinwa kwesikwere.
Ungafika njani eKathmandu Durbar Square?
Esi sikwere sebhotwe sidumileyo sikumntla-ntshona wekomkhulu laseNepal. Ukusuka kumbindi weKathmandu, ungafikelela eDurbar Square ngeSwayambhu Marg, eGangalal Marg, naseDurbar Marg. Kwimozulu entle, unokugubungela umgama oyi-3.5 km malunga nemizuzu eyi-15.
Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokutyelela iKathmandu Durbar Square
Iinyanga ezikhethiweyo zokutyelela i-Kathmandu Durbar Square ngu-Okthobha noNovemba (ixesha elomileyo). Imozulu ipholile, umoya ucacile, ukubonakala kwayo kuhle kakhulu, kwaye indalo imnandi ngenxa yeemonsoon. Nangona kunjalo, ukubonakala kunokuba kuhle ngakumbi ngoDisemba nangoJanuwari, kwaye amaqondo obushushu anzima. Ukususela ngoFebruwari ukuya ku-Epreli, iqondo lokushisa lilungile, nokuba ukubonakala kuncinci ngenxa yothuli. Unyaka wonke awufanelekanga ngenxa yobushushu, uthuli, kunye neemonsoons.
Unokuthatha uhambo lokuhamba ngokukhawuleza Kathmandu Durbar Square ukusuka ngo-10 ekuseni ukuya ku-5 pm Ukuba ungumntu wasebusuku, ukuzulazula kwisikwere kuya kukunika umbono wendlela yokuphila yendawo. Abathengisi basekhaya, abarhwebi, kunye neemarike ezincinci apho unokuthenga khona izikhumbuzo zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zigcwalisa iDurbar Square.
Izinto ezibonakalayo eKathmandu Durbar Square
I-Kathmandu Durbar Square ngoku ivaliwe kwitrafikhi, isenza ukuba isikwere kube mnandi kakhulu ukusindwendwela. Ukongeza kwizakhiwo ezininzi ezikwibala eliphakathi, ukuphithizela kwabantu kubangel’ imincili. Amakholwa amaninzi enza amadini koothixo abahlukeneyo eDurbar Square, enethemba lokuba imithandazo yawo iya kuphendulwa. Iminikelo enjalo ifanele ihlonelwe ngenxa yeenkolelo ezendele nzulu zabantu basekuhlaleni, yaye le minikelo ikwenza ube nombono onzulu ngezithethe zelizwe. Amabhotwe ahonjiswe ngobugcisa kunye neepagodas zinomdla nje ngokubaluleka okuhambelana nazo.
Eyona ndawo ibalulekileyo kwaye kufuneka undwendwele eKathmandu Durbar Square zezi:
I-1-Hanuman Dhoka- Ibhotwe lasebukhosini kunye noHanuman, uThixo weNkawu
Kanye kwisango lokungena kwibhotwe elidala lasebukhosini eDurbar Square ngumfanekiso oqingqiweyo kathixo wenkawu. Nkosi Hanuman. Ukholo kwiNkosi uHanuman lubonakala kuninzi lwabazinikeleyo abajikeleza lo mfanekiso uqingqiweyo ngaxeshanye-umboniso oya kuwubona ngokuqinisekileyo xa undwendwela iDurbar Square. Iingonyama ezimbini zamatye ezidityaniswe nesango legolide zajikeleza umnyango, zisenza umbono omangalisayo.
Emva kokudlula kwisango legolide, uya kubona umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaNarasingha, obonisa uthixo wamaHindu uVishnu kumlo okrakra nxamnye nedemon. Kule meko, uVishnu uye wamelwa njengengonyama enesiqingatha nesiqingatha somntu. Kwakhona kufanelekile ukubonwa yiHolo yabaphulaphuli beeKumkani, eyayifudula isetyenziselwa imidaniso eyahlukeneyo kunye nemidlalo yeqonga. Ibhotwe elidala lasebukhosini eDurbar Square sesinye sezona zakhiwo zibalulekileyo zembali yaseKathmandu.
I-2 - Itempile yaseTaleju Bhawani
Itempile yaseTaleju Bhawani, emi kumphakamo weemitha ezingama-35, ivulelekile kuluntu kube kanye ngonyaka ngexesha leMahanawami yaseMahanawami. Dashain umthendeleko. UKumkani uMahendra Malla wabeka isiseko setempile, ngelixa uKumkani uPratap Malla wagqiba ukwakhiwa kwayo.
Ngokutsho kweentsomi ezininzi, itempile inesakhiwo seYantra (umzekeliso ongaqondakaliyo oqulethe amandla omlingo). Uthixokazi uTaleju wabonakala ezenze inyosi kumsitho wokuvulwa kwetempile.
Amalungu angaphambili asebukhosini ayekholelwa ngokunzulu kulo thixokazi; Kwanookumkani babengavunyelwa ukuba bakhe iibhotwe okanye izakhiwo kufuphi nendlu kaThixo.
Ngenkulungwane ye-6, ookumkani baseMalla banqula isithixokazi sikaTaleju njengoyena thixo wabo uphambili. Emva kobukhosi baseMalla, i-Shah yathatha ulawulo lukaKathmandu. Sekunjalo, bamkela lo thixokazi njengothixo wabo wasebukhosini ukuze bangqine yaye baqinise ukufaneleka kwabo etroneni. Ngexesha lenyikima yaseNepal ka-2015, uninzi lwezakhiwo ezijikeleze itempile zatshatyalaliswa ngaphandle kwetempile. Abantu bakholelwa ukuba ngummangaliso wesithixokazi. Itempile iye yahlala imile, nangona ineentanda.
Umfanekiso omkhulu weengonyama zamatye ulinda isango elikhulu letempile. Itempile ephambili kaTaleju inomfanekiso oqingqiweyo wegolide kathixokazi oneengalo ezilishumi ezineetempile ezikufutshane kubo bobabini uTaleju Bhawani kunye noKumari, uthixokazi ophilayo waseNepal. Kukho iitempile ze-12 ezijikeleze itempile enkulu yaseTaleju kunye nezinye iitempile ezine ngaphantsi kweyona iphambili.
3-Kumari Ghar (Indawo yokuhlala kathixokazi uKumari)
Ekudibaneni kweendlela Kathmandu Durbar Square kunye ne-Basantapur Square, unokusibona isakhiwo esinemigangatho emithathu enezitena ezibomvu esinemikrolo yamaplanga emangalisayo. Isakhiwo yindawo yokuhlala kaKumari- ukuzalwa kwasemhlabeni kunye nothixokazi ophilayo ade abuyele kwintombazana eqhelekileyo ekufikeni kwakhe ebusheni. Igama elithi Kumari lithetha iNtombi Enyulu. Lo thixokazi unempembelelo enkulu kuyo yonke imikhosi yaseKathmandu.
IKumari Ghar yaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezi ndawo ngo-1757. Amagcisa ahombisa ikhaya likathixokazi omncinane ngemikrolo entsonkothileyo. Ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo kuthiwa Kumari Chowk. Yindawo ebiyelweyo emile okwesikweri ejikelezwe yimigangatho emithathu yeebhalkhoni zomthi eziqingqwe ngokumangalisayo-ekusenokwenzeka ukuba yeyona ntendelezo ingaqondakaliyo eNepal.
Indlela eya kwintendelezo yetempile yaseKumari ihonjiswe ngecasing enevisor eqingqwe ngokuntsonkothileyo. Kumacala amabini, ibhotwe ligadwe ziingonyama zamatye; zikwaluphawu lwebhotwe.
IKumari Ghar ibaluleke kakhulu kwezentlalo nenkolo kwaye yakhiwe ngohlobo lwendlu yeemonki yamaBhuda. Ayikho enye itempile enokuba ngumzekelo wonqulo lwaseNepal ophilayo, oluphefumlayo nolungaphelelwa lixesha, umxube ongalawulekiyo wobuHindu, ubuBhuda nezithethe zasekuhlaleni.
4 - Maju Dega
Amanye amanyathelo ale tempile enikezelwe kuShiva yindawo emnandi ukuya kuyo ngelixa ungekho, ngakumbi ukuphuma kwelanga kunye nokutshona kwelanga. Umgangatho ongaphantsi wemigangatho elithoba yenye yezona ndawo zidumileyo zendibano esixekweni.
Ukusuka apha, unokujonga umsebenzi onomdla wabathengisi beziqhamo kunye nemifuno abahambahambayo, ukuhamba nokuhamba kweeteksi kunye nooritsho, kunye nokuza nokuhamba kwabakhenkethi. Itempile enkulu enamagumbi amathathu inika umbono omangalisayo weDurbar Square kunye nezindlu zekomkhulu. Itempile yaqala ngo-1960, kwaye ngaphakathi uya kufumana i-lingam, uphawu lwe-phallic lwe-Shiva.
5 - itempile yaseJagannath
Izakhiwo zetempile yaseJagannath ngumzekelo obalaseleyo wetempile enemigangatho emininzi evela kwi Inzala kaMalla. Le tempile inikezelwe kwiNkosi uJagannath, omnye wemifuziselo yothixo wamaHindu uVishnu.
Itempile ikufuphi netempile eyaziwayo yaseGopinath Mandir, enikezelwe kwiNkosi uKrishna. Ukwakhiwa kwetempile yaseJagannath kwagqitywa ngo-1562.
Itempile enemigangatho emibini yakhiwe kwisiseko esinemigangatho emithathu. Kwiikona ezine zesiseko kukho iitempile ezine ezinemigangatho emibini, nganye nayo yakhiwe ngendlela eqhelekileyo yeNepalese pagoda. Icandelo elingaphakathi letempile, elibizwa ngokuba nguGarba Griha, liqulethe umfanekiso welitye likaChatur Murti Vishnu. Umfanekiso wamatye ngumfanekiso onqabileyo odibanisa imifanekiso emine kwelinye.
Iibrayisi zophahla zinemizobo enomtsalane enomtsalane egxile ngokwesondo. Itempile yaseJagannath ithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabakhenkethi kule nto, kwaye ungabona abantu abaninzi ababukeleyo, bezincoma ngethemba lokubona imifanekiso eqingqiweyo enqwenelekayo.
6 - Kasthamandap
IKasthamandap, ethetha ikhusi emthini ngesiNepalese, ngoku yenye yezona tempile zidumileyo zamaHindu eNepal. Ngaphambili, abarhwebi kunye nabahambi ababelandela ukusuka eTibet ukuya eIndiya babesebenzisa le pagoda inamanqanaba amathathu njengendawo yabo yokuhlala.
Abantu ababhadulayo bachitha ubusika apha belindele intwasahlobo nekhephu elinyibilikayo kwiintaba eziyingozi. Kamva, kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane ye-14, ngesicelo sokumkani kwi-Shah Dynasty, kwakhiwa i-shrine eKasthamandapa - umfanekiso oqingqiweyo. Guru Gorakhnath. Elikhusi lijike laba yitempile etyelelwa ngamawaka abahambi ngezonqulo. Okokuqala, batsalwa ngomnye umtsalane wendawo - iinyawo ze Guru Gorakhnath, owayehlala njengehempe.
Itempile yeKasthamandap kwakukholelwa ukuba yenziwe kwisiqu somthi wesal enye, ephawulwa ngokwanda kwamandla kunye nokuchasana neempembelelo zendalo.
I-7 - Umbhalo welitye
Kwicala elingaphandle lodonga olumhlophe lwebhotwe, elijongene netempile yaseVishnu kukho umbhalo omde welitye obhalwe ngeelwimi ezilishumi elinesihlanu ezinikelwe kuthixokazi. Kalika. Lo mbhalo wenziwa ngo-1664 ngokomyalelo kaKumkani uPratap Malla, owaziwayo ngobuchule bakhe bolwimi. Ibali laseNepal lithi xa umntu ekwazi ukuchaza zonke iilwimi ezilishumi elinesihlanu, ubisi luya kumpompoza kwisinamon esembindini wodonga.
Ezi zezinye zelifa elomeleleyo le Kathmandu Durbar Square. Ngaphandle kwezi ndawo zidumileyo, le ndawo inezinto ezininzi ezinomtsalane, kubandakanya iitempile, iimyuziyam, iivenkile ezinkulu kunye neemarike zalapha ekhaya. Amagama awonelanga ukuchaza umtsalane kunye nobuhle. Ngoko kutheni ulinda? Pakisha oobhaka bakho kwaye ubhabhe uye kule ndawo yenkcubeko yeNepal.
8 – Gaddi Baithak
IGaddi Baithak, eyakhiwe ngesitayile se-neoclassical ngexesha lolawulo lweNkulumbuso Chandra Shamsher, yayisetyenziselwa ukunika izatifikethi zewonga kwiindwendwe zasemzini. Ininzi imisitho yokuthweswa isithsaba ebibanjelwe kule holo ibaluleke kangaka ngexesha lolawulo lookumkani kweli lizwe.
Isilingi yayo yobuxoki yenziwe ngentsimbi. Kuthiwa iglasi esetyenziswe kwizibane ezixhonywe eluphahleni yaziswa eBelgium. Kwicala lasekunene leGaddi Baithak yimifanekiso yezizukulwana ezili-11 zookumkani baseShah Dynasty. Njengoko ungena kwipaseji ephakathi, uya kubona umnyango wobugcisa owenziwe ngamaplanga ophiwe ngurhulumente waseBurma.
Umgangatho ophantsi wale holo yentlanganiso uhonjiswe ngezinto kunye neenkcukacha ezichaza ukuguqulwa korhulumente waseNepal ukusuka kwinkosi ukuya kwindawo yeriphabliki. Imipu esetyenziswa nguKumkani uPrithvi Narayan Shah ngexesha lokumanyana kwelizwe nayo igcinwe kulo mgangatho. Lilonke, iholo yentlanganiso yimbali emele inguqu eliye layibona ilizwe kwiminyaka emininzi.
Indawo yokuhlala kufutshane neKathmandu Durbar Square
1 – Durbar Square Backpackers Inn
I-Durbar Square Backpackers Inn ifumaneka eKathmandu, iimitha ezingama-400 ukusuka eHanuman Dhoka Palace kunye neDurbar Square. Ibonisa ibha, indawo yokutyela, indawo yokuphumla ekwabelwana ngayo, kunye nedesika engaphambili yeeyure ezingama-24.
Inkonzo yeWi-Fi yasimahla iyafumaneka kwipropathi yehotele. I-Inn inikezela ngamagumbi osapho, kunye neenkonzo ezibandakanya ukuhlanjwa kwempahla, ukucoca okomileyo, i-ATM, ukushicilela, ukurenta imoto, ukhuseleko kunye ne-concierge.
2 – Green House Lodge
IGreen House Lodge ikhona Kathmandu, iimitha ezingama-200 ukusuka eHanuman Dhoka. Ibonelela nge-Wi-Fi yasimahla, idesika yokhenketho, inkonzo yetikiti, amagumbi osapho, kunye nethala. Iinkonzo ezifumanekayo ehotele ziquka idesika engaphambili yeeyure ezingama-24, ukutshintshiselana ngemali, kunye nedesika yangaphambili yeeyure ezingama-24.
3 - Little Nepal Inn
Ukuhamba ngemizuzu emi-4 ukusuka eHanuman Dhoka Palace eKathmandu, iLittle Nepal Inn yimitha engama-400 ukusuka eKathmandu Durbar Square kunye ne-1.6 km ukusuka eSwayambhu Stupa. Inika igadi, iterrace, kunye namagumbi anomoya opholileyo. Idesika yokhenketho kwi-Inn inokukunceda uququzelele naluphi na uhambo olucwangcisayo. Unako kwakhona uku-odola ukudluliselwa ukwenza uhambo lwakho lube lula ngakumbi.
Iindwendwe ezithanda imidlalo ziyakuxabisa iziko lokuzilolonga le-Inn. Iziko loshishino libonelelwa abathabathi nxaxheba kwiintlanganiso zoshishino. Ukuze kube lula kwiindwendwe ezikhubazekileyo, ilifti imi ehotele, ikuthatha ikuse kumgangatho ophezulu. Impahla yokuhlamba impahla, ukucoca okomileyo, i-ATM, ucinezelo, kunye nesefu nazo zifumaneka kwiindwendwe.
4 – Harati Manor Inn
Ifumaneka eKathmandu, eli khaya liziimitha ezili-100 ukusuka eDurbar Square, uhambo lomzuzu omnye ukusuka eHanuman Dhoka Palace, kunye ne-1.7 km ukusuka kwiziko leTempile laseSwoyambhunath. Inamagumbi anomoya opholileyo kunye ne-Wi-Fi yasimahla kunye nebha.
I-5 - Ihotele yeLifa leMveli yeHlabathi kunye neeNdawo
I-World Heritage Hotel Apartments ifumaneka kwiDurbar Square eyaziwayo, iikhilomitha ezi-2 ukusuka eThamel naseRoyal Palace. Inika i-shuttle yesikhululo seenqwelomoya kunye ne-Wi-Fi yasimahla kuyo yonke ihotele. Ifanelekile iholide yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, i-World Heritage Hotel kunye neeApartments zibonelela ngokuhlamba impahla, ukucoca okomileyo, uku-ayina, ukushicilela, ukurenta imoto, ibhokisi yediphozithi ekhuselekileyo, kunye ne-concierge.
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