"I-United Kingdom ngumhlobo wakudala waseNepal kwaye yindawo egqibeleleyo yabahambi baseBritane kunye nabakhweli bentaba. Sabelana nabantu baseNepal ngokuzibophelela ekufumaneni isisombululo esinoxolo kunye nokukhawuleza kwimeko yezopolitiko ukuze ilizwe ekugqibeleni liqhubele phambili kwilifa lalo longquzulwano ukuya kwixesha loxolo nempumelelo kumntu wonke, "wachaza uMphathiswa wezeLizwe kuPhuhliso lwaMazwe ngamazwe e-United Kingdom u-Alan2012 eNepal ngexesha lotyelelo lwakhe e-Alan2012 eNepal.
Ukusukela oko kwapheliswa ubukhosi baseNepal obuneminyaka engama-240 ubudala kunye nokusekwa kweFederal Republic of Nepal ngoDisemba 2007, iUnited Kingdom ikhuthaze iNepal ukuba ibheke kuzinzo lwezopolitiko kunye nenguqu yentlalo noqoqosho. Amawakawaka abantu baseBritani batyelela eNepal nyaka ngamnye, ingakumbi xa behamba ngeenyawo okanye benyuka iintaba, yaye uninzi lwabo, iNepal yindawo enomtsalane kuMzantsi Asia.
Imbali yobuhlobo kunye nentsebenziswano phakathi kweNepal kunye ne-United Kingdom ithatha iinkulungwane ezimbini, ukusukela kulawulo lobukoloniyali baseBritane eIndiya. Imfazwe yase-Anglo-Nepal phakathi komkhosi waseNepal kunye neBritish East India Company ngoko yaphela ngokutyikitywa kweSivumelwano saseSugauli ngowe-1816. INepal yaseka ubudlelwane bozakuzo kunye neGreat Britain ngowe-1816, nto leyo eyahlahl’ indlela kubathunywa baseBritani eKathmandu.
ISivumelwano esitsha soBuhlobo phakathi kweNepal kunye ne-UK satyikitywa ngo-1923 xa imeko yommeli waseBritane e-Kathmandu yaphuculwa yaba ngunozakuzaku. Utyelelo lwaloo Nkulumbuso uJung Bahadur Rana ukuya e-UK ngo-1852 kunye nokutyikitywa kweSivumelwano esitsha soBuhlobo nguRana Prime Minister u-Chandra Shumsher JBR ngo-1923 yayikukufumana inkxaso kunye nokuba semthethweni kwe-Rana autocracy ekhonza iimfuno zikaRhulumente waseBritani e-Indiya.
INepal neBhritane bezilonwabele ubudlelwane obuhle nangexesha lolawulo lweRana kunye neShah monarchial dynasties. Obu budlelwane busekelwe kubuhlobo, kukuhloniphana, nakwintsebenziswano phakathi kwala mazwe mabini.
Amagorha adumileyo eGurkha-eBritish Gurkhas, abe negalelo elikhulu ekuqiniseni ubuhlobo kunye nentsebenziswano phakathi kwala mazwe mabini. I-UK yaqala ukugaya abemi baseNepali kuMkhosi waseBritane emva kweSivumelwano saseSugauli. INepal yaphulukana nesinye kwisithathu sommandla owawubangwa ngaphambili ngexesha lemfazwe yase-Anglo-Nepal yowe-1814-1816.
Amajoni aseBritane eGurkha ayinxalenye yomkhosi waseBritane oxhobileyo. IGreat Britain yaqesha amawakawaka eGurkhas emva kokulwa neNkampani yase-East India kwiMfazwe yase-Anglo-Nepal. Ngaphezu kwe-160,000 yeeGurkhas zahlanganiswa ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi I neyesi-II, kwaye malunga nama-45,000 eGurkhas aphulukana nobomi bawo besilwela imikhosi emanyeneyo ngexesha leemfazwe ezimbini zehlabathi. Ukuqaphela ubugorha babo ngexesha leemfazwe, amalungu enkonzo ye-13 yaseBritane yase-Gurkha evela eNepal baye bawongwa nge-Victoria Crosses (VC), elona wonga liphezulu laseBritani.
Inani le-Gurkhas kwi-Army yaseBritani liye lancitshiswa laya kwi-3500 ukususela ekunikezelweni kolongamo lwaseHong Kong ukuya e-China ngoJulayi 1, 1997. URhulumente waseBrithani uRhulumente ubhengeze ukuba i-Brigade yaseGurkhas iya kuba nenani le-2600 yamajoni kunye namagosa, ekhonza kwiiBattalion ezimbini ze-Infantry, injineli, i-Signals, kunye ne-Regiment ye-2020 yaseBritani. I-Gurkhas, nangona i-Gurkhas kufuneka izabalaze ukufumana umvuzo ongcono, umhlalaphantsi, kunye nezinye izibonelelo nanamhlanje.
Amawakawaka eGurkhas ahlakazekile kwiinduli kunye namathafa aseNepal avavanya kakhulu igalelo likaMiss Joanna Lumley kunye nabanye abantu beGurkha Welfare Trust ngokubambisana kwabo ekusombululeni iingxaki zeGurkhas eBritani.
Ngokunjalo, ukutshintshiselana ngotyelelo kumanqanaba karhulumente nangekho phantsi kukarhulumente kube negalelo ekomelezeni ubudlelwane beNepal neBritane. Utyelelo lukaKumkanikazi uElizabeth II, ekhatshwa nguDuke wase-Edinburgh HRH Prince Philip, ngoFebruwari 1961 1st 1986, utyelelo lweNkosazana yaseWales Diana ngoMatshi 1993, utyelelo lweNkosana uCharles ngoFebruwari 1998, utyelelo lwabaphathiswa kunye namagosa aphezulu kaRhulumente waseBhritane kunye notyelelo lwamanani ezopolitiko eNepali ludlale indima ebalulekileyo kubudlelwane obubambeneyo kunye nendima ebalulekileyo. Amawakawaka abakhenkethi baseBritane batyelela iNepal minyaka le ukuze bajonge ubuhle bayo bendalo kunye nelifa lenkcubeko. Bakwanegalelo ekuqhubeleni phambili ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu phakathi kweNepal neBritani.
Kangangamashumi eminyaka, i-United Kingdom ibeke phambili uphuhliso lwezentlalo noqoqosho lwelinye lawona mazwe ahlwempuzekileyo naphuhliswe kancinci. Izinto eziphambili eziphambili zase-UK ngokwemiqathango yeNepal zi-ukuxhasa inkqubo yoxolo, ukuqinisa ulawulo kunye nokuphucula ukhuseleko kunye nokufikelela kubulungisa, ukunceda abantu abahluphekileyo nabangabandakanyiweyo bazuze ekukhuleni, ukuncedisa ukuhambisa impilo engcono kunye nemfundo, ukunceda abantu ukuba bavumelane nokutshintsha kwemozulu, ukunciphisa umngcipheko kwiintlekele, kubandakanywa iinyikima kunye nokuphucula ubomi babasetyhini kunye namantombazana.
Intsebenziswano yaseBritane eNepal iquke iindawo ezahlukeneyo zoqoqosho, kubandakanywa nophuhliso lwabasebenzi. Uncedo lwaseBritane, oluza ngeSebe loPhuhliso lwaMazwe ngaMazwe (DFID), lubandakanya ezolimo, ezothutho, uphuhliso lwengingqi, imfundo, unxibelelwano, ezempilo, amanzi, kunye nogutyulo.
Ngokutsho kwe-DFID, "i-Nepal lilizwe eliphambili kuncedo lwase-UK. Phakathi kwangoku kunye ne-2015, iBrithani iya kuqinisekisa ukuba imisebenzi ye-230,000 ngokuthe ngqo idalwe ngophuhliso lwamashishini abucala, iikhilomitha ze-4232 zeendlela zakhiwe okanye ziphuculwe, kwaye abantu be-110,000 bayazuza ekuphuculeni ucoceko. I-UK ijongana ngqo nemingeni enzima yaseNepal efana nokutshintsha kwemozulu, ukulungela iintlekele, ukudalwa kwemisebenzi, norhwaphilizo kunye nokuxhasa ukuqukunjelwa ngokukhawuleza kwenkqubo yoxolo.
I-DFID inikezela nge-£ 331 yezigidi kwiminyaka emine ukusuka ngo-Aprili 2011 ukuya kuMatshi 2015. Isicwangciso sokuSebenza se-DFID saseNepal sahlulwe kwiindawo ezine eziphambili: ukudala ubutyebi obubandakanyayo, ulawulo kunye nokhuseleko, uphuhliso lwabantu (iinkonzo ezibalulekileyo, kubandakanywa imfundo kunye nempilo), kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu / ukunciphisa ingozi yentlekele.
I-UK izinikele ekuboneleleni ipesenti ze-0.7 zeNgeniso yeSizwe njengeGloss yeSizwe njengoncedo lwamazwe ngamazwe ukufaka isandla ekwenzeni inkqubela phambili ekulweni nobuhlwempu kunye nokufikelela kwiiNjongo zoPhuhliso lweMillennium (MDGs) kumazwe asakhulayo kunye namazwe angaphuhliswanga.
U-Andrew Mitchell MP, uNobhala woMbuso woPhuhliso lwaMazwe ngaMazwe, uthe ngexesha lokutyelela kwakhe eNepal ngoJuni 2012, 'iNepal lilizwe eliphambili kuncedo lwaseBritane. Apha, iipesenti ezingama-55 zabemi bahlala kwintlupheko, bezama ukuphila ngaphantsi kwe-1.25 yeedola imihla ngemihla. Inkqubo yoxolo engaphelelanga ithintela ukukhula koqoqosho. Lilizwe apho umntwana omnye kwa-16 akaphilanga de kube ngumhla wakhe wokuzalwa we-5, kwaye ibhinqa lifa rhoqo kwiiyure ezi-4 ngenxa yokukhulelwa kunye nezizathu ezinxulumene nokuzala.
Ukwenza izinto zibe mbi ngakumbi, iNepal isengozini kakhulu yokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye neentlekele zendalo ezifana neenyikima. Ngenxa yezi zizathu, i-UK iya kwandisa uncedo lwayo eNepal. Ukongeza, i-UK iya kuqhubeka nokuxhasa inkqubo yoxolo yaseNepal. Sikholelwa ukuba uxolo kunye nokuzinza kubaluleke kakhulu eNepal, njengoko ingxabano ye-10 yeminyaka iyancipha ukuphuhliswa kwayo.'
Ngokubhekiselele kubudlelwane boshishino, umthamo worhwebo uwonke phakathi kwala mazwe mabini umalunga ne-NRS 8 billion. Izinto eziphambili ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kweNepali eziya e-United Kingdom ziikhaphethi zoboya, imisebenzi yezandla, iimpahla esele zenziwe, izinto zesilivere kunye nobucwebe, iimpahla zesikhumba, iphepha lesiNepali, kunye neemveliso zephepha. Ngokwahlukileyo, izinto ezinkulu ezithunyelwa eNepal ezivela e-UK zibandakanya i-scraps yobhedu, iziselo eziqinileyo, izithambiso, amayeza kunye nezixhobo zonyango, iingubo, intonga yocingo lobhedu, oomatshini kunye neenxalenye, iinqwelo-moya kunye neendawo ezisecaleni, izixhobo zophando lwezenzululwazi, izixhobo zeofisi, kunye nezinto zokubhala.
Ngaphandle koko, amanye amashishini adibeneyo aseBritane kukhenketho, ishishini lokwamkela iindwendwe, ukupakishwa kwesoftware, iimpahla esezilungisiwe, kunye namandla ombane. Abanye oosomashishini baseNepali babandakanyeka kwishishini lokubuka iindwendwe kunye neshishini lokutyela kwizixeko ezahlukeneyo zase-UK.
Amakhulu abafundi baseNepali nabo babhalise kwiiyunivesithi zaseBritane kwizifundo eziphakamileyo. I-UK ithathwa njengendawo yokusingwa yabafundi baseNepali ukuba baqhubele phambili nezifundo eziphakamileyo, nangona bekukho iingxaki ezininzi ngabafundi abajoyina iiDyunivesithi zaseBritane kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
INepal neUnited Kingdom bezinobudlelwane obukhethekileyo ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-200. IBritane izinikele ekwandiseni uncedo eNepal, kwaye iiprojekthi zophuhliso ziqhutywa ngee-arhente zamazwe amabini kunye nezizwe ngezizwe ezifana ne-European Union kunye neZizwe eziManyeneyo. IBhunga laseBrithani livumela abantu baseNepali ukuba bafunde isiNgesi kwinqanaba elisisiseko kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu kwaye liququzelele iinkqubo zokuqinisa ubudlelwane benkcubeko kunye nabantu phakathi kwamazwe amabini.
Amawaka abakhenkethi baseBritane batyelela iNepal minyaka le ukuze bathathe uhambo, banyuke intaba kunye neenjongo zeeholide. Inani lilonke labakhenkethi baseBritane lalingama-37,765 ngo-2000, ngelixa i-34,502 (ngomoya kuphela) ngo-2011. I-Nepal ibambekile ekutsaleni abakhenkethi baseBritane ukuya eNepal ngaphandle kokukhuthaza ukhenketho olucwangcisiweyo kunye nengxaki yoqhagamshelo lomoya ngqo e-United Kingdom. Abakhweli beentaba abaninzi baseBritani bangenela amaphulo ahlukeneyo nyaka ngamnye benyuka iiHimalaya zaseNepal.
Ngaphandle kweengxaki ezahlukeneyo kunye nemiceli mngeni iNepal ejongene nayo kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iNepal ithathwa njengendawo yokukhenketha ecocekileyo kwintengiso yamazwe ngamazwe. abakhenkethi British tyelela iNepal ukuphonononga kunye namava iiHimalaya ezinkulu, ubuhle bendalo obungenakulinganiswa nanto, izityalo nezilwanyana ezityebileyo, kunye neendawo ezililifa lehlabathi. Abakhenkethi baseBritane abandwendwela iNepal bagxininise ukuphuhlisa ukhenketho olusemgangathweni kweli lizwe le-Himalaya kunye nokwenza iNepal - eyona ndawo ikhuselekileyo yabakhenkethi emhlabeni.
INepal ithathe inxaxheba kumnyhadala okhokelayo wehlabathi kushishino lokuhamba-Intengiso yeHlabathi yoKhenketho (WTM), eyayibanjwe ngoNovemba 5-8 ngonyaka ngamnye eLondon ixesha elide. Njengoko i-WTM ingumsitho odlamkileyo wokushishina kwishishini obonisa uluhlu olwahlukeneyo lweendawo ekusingwa kuzo kunye namacandelo oshishino e-UK kunye neengcali zokuhamba zamazwe ngamazwe, lithuba elikhethekileyo leNepal ukukhuthaza iimveliso zayo zokhenketho kwimarike yokhenketho yehlabathi. INepal ilindele abakhenkethi abaninzi kwiimarike zayo zemveli kunye ezintsha, kubandakanya iBritane, kwixesha elizayo.
Umbhali ngumhleli wePhepha le-Intanethi lokuHamba kunye noKhenketho kunye nomhleli oyintloko weGorkhapatra Daily.